Kollam

Kollam (historically known to many traders as Quilon) is one of Kerala’s oldest port cities, with a history strongly shaped by the sea and long-distance commerce. Located on the Arabian Sea and connected to an inland water network, Kollam grew early as a gateway for spices, timber, and other goods from the Western Ghats. Ancient and medieval maritime links brought merchants from Arabia, Persia, China, and later Europe, making the region a meeting point of cultures, languages, and faiths.

By the early medieval period, Kollam emerged as an important center under local rulers, and the port’s reputation spread widely through trade contacts. The city is often associated with Kerala’s historic spice trade, especially pepper, which drew foreign ships to the Malabar Coast. Over time, Kollam developed vibrant temple traditions, churches, and mosques—reflecting centuries of interaction and settlement connected to maritime life.

In later centuries, European powers entered the Indian Ocean trade, and Kollam’s commercial landscape adapted to changing routes and competition among ports. In modern times, the city became especially well known for its cashew industry, coir production, and backwater economy, supported by Ashtamudi Lake. Today, Kollam’s identity remains deeply tied to its port heritage, waterways, and its role as a historic trading city of Kerala.