Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh has a long and layered history that connects the Deccan plateau with the eastern coast of India. The region’s early identity is linked to the Andhras, mentioned in ancient Indian sources, and it rose to major power under the Satavahanas (around 2nd century BCE–3rd century CE), who supported trade, coinage, and Buddhist centres in the Krishna–Godavari belt. In later centuries, dynasties such as the Ikshvakus, Vishnukundins, and especially the Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi shaped coastal Andhra with temples, irrigation, and early Telugu literary culture.

From the 12th–14th centuries, the Kakatiyas strengthened administration and fort culture, followed by the expansion of the Vijayanagara Empire, which patronized major temples and arts across Rayalaseema and coastal areas. After Vijayanagara’s decline, parts of Andhra experienced rule by Deccan sultanates, the Qutb Shahis, and the Nizams, before large areas came under British control as part of the Madras Presidency.

In the 20th century, Andhra played a strong role in India’s freedom movement. Andhra State was formed in 1953, and in 1956 it merged with Telangana to create Andhra Pradesh. After the state’s bifurcation in 2014, Andhra Pradesh continues as a key coastal state with rich agricultural, cultural, and maritime heritage.